Nkhani

M’chaka cha 2002, Njira ya Kum’mawa ya Pulojekiti Yopatutsira Madzi kumwera kupita ku Kumpoto inakhazikitsidwa mwalamulo, ndipo ikukonzekera kusamutsa madzi okwana ma kiyubiki mita 14.8 biliyoni pachaka akamaliza.Malinga ndi dongosolo lonse, sikelo yomaliza yopatutsa madzi ya South-to-North Water Diversion Project ndi 44.8 biliyoni cubic metres, kuphatikiza ma cubic metres 14.8 biliyoni kum'mawa, ma kiyubiki metres 13 biliyoni pamzere wapakati, ndi ma kiyubiki mabiliyoni 17. mamita pamzere wakumadzulo.Nthawi yomangayo idzatenga zaka 40 mpaka 50.Ntchitoyi ikamalizidwa, Ipanga gulu lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi lopopa madzi.

Ntchito yopatutsa madzi kuchokera kumwera kupita kumpoto imapatutsa madzi kuchokera kumwera kupita kumpoto.Amasamutsa madzi kuchokera kumalo otsika kupita kumalo okwera.Kuti mugonjetse mphamvu yokoka, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu ngati mpope wamadzi.Kuti mukwanitse kusamutsa madzi okwanira mabiliyoni a cubic metres, pamafunika mapampu angati?

Pulojekiti yopatutsa madzi ku South-to-North Water yagawidwa m’mizere itatu, kum’mawa ndi kumadzulo.Ntchito yolowera kum'mawa imachokera kumunsi kwa mtsinje wa Yangtze ndikudutsa mumtsinje wa Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.Chiwerengero chonse cha malo opopera madzi mumsewuwu chafika pa 51: gawo loyamba la polojekitiyi mu 2014. Pali masiteshoni 21, 13 ena adzamangidwa mu gawo lachiwiri, ndipo 17 adzamangidwa mu gawo lachitatu.

Kodi mapampu amenewa ndi aakulu bwanji?

Akuti mpope wocheperako kwambiri wamadzi umakhala wamtali mita imodzi, pomwe mpope waukulu kwambiri wamadzi ndi wamtali wa 5.2 metres, ndipo voliyumu yopopayo yafika 13,000 cubic metres, zomwe ndi zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauzanso kuti ntchito yokhudzana ndiukadaulo ndizovuta kwambiri. .

Kwa polojekiti yapakati, poyambira mzere wapakati ndi Danjiangkou Reservoir, yomwe ili pafupi mamita 100 kuposa Beijing, ndipo madzi amatha kuyenda okha ndi mphamvu yokoka.

Chovuta kwambiri pa mizere itatuyi ndi ntchito ya kumadzulo, yomwe ndi kuthirira madera ouma kumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo popatutsa madzi kuchokera ku Mtsinje wa Dadu.Mikhalidwe ya kumadzulo kwa chigawo cha kumadzulo ndi yowawa kwambiri, ndipo ndizovuta kwambiri kugwira ntchito.Mwamwayi, mtunda wa kutsogolo kwa kumadzulo ndi wokwera kwambiri, choncho ndi kosavuta kupopa madzi, koma kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuyala madzi.

Kusankha pampu ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunika kwambiri mu "gawo lophunzirira zotheka" la kapangidwe ka malo opopera.Kaya kusankha pampu yamadzi ndikoyenera kapena ayi kumagwirizana ndi mutu wonse wogwira ntchito, makamaka ntchito yachuma pansi pamutu wamutu, wokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa mutu wonse wogwira ntchito, komanso zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsa, kukonza, ndi ndalama za polojekiti. .

Kusankhidwa kwa mapampu amadzi kumaphatikizapo kulingalira za zomangamanga, koma cholinga chake ndi kufanizitsa ndi kusankha makhalidwe a hydraulic.Kuchokera paubwenzi wamasamu, mvetsetsani mawonekedwe a mpope ndi chipangizo chopopera, NPSH yovuta, ndi zina zotero, ndikusankha pampu yoyenera kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yapopo yomwe ilipo, yomwe imathandizira kukulitsa phindu la ndalama.Kwa malo opopera, njira zoyendetsera mpweya ndi zida zopopera ndizofunikanso kwambiri.Chipangizo cha mpope ndi chowonjezera cha mpope wa madzi, ndipo ndi "pampu yamadzi yowonjezera".Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a njira yoyendetsera ndi chipangizo chapampu kuchokera ku ubale wamasamu, ndikupanga chisankho choyenera.

Pampu ya Ruite ili ndi gulu la akatswiri kukuthandizani kusankha pampu yoyenera patsamba lanu lofunsira.

Takulandilani kuti mulumikizane:

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